![]() Headers take up much of the load, specifically above openings in walls, such as doors and windows.Īpart from the loading conditions, the configuration of the headers, whether it is a single, double, or triple header, also makes a difference. Quantifying the spans of 2x10 as headers is a bit tricky. There may be differences in spans in accordance with the species and grade of timber. The spans with a spacing of 12" or 16" may be as high as 26' for ceilings with a low dead load. Loading conditions can uncover variations.įor a ceiling space expecting heavy loads due to storage, the spans may be as low as 16"1 ". Generally, when dealing with ceiling construction, give importance to the presence of a storage space or an attic. Specific species of timber prove to be more durable under loads and extreme weather conditions.Ī smart choice will be to utilize a 2x10 beam made from Southern Pine, as it’ll provide greater spanning lengths and durability.Ī detailed breakdown of the spanning capabilities of all four species concerning their joist spans and beam configurations is given below.įor a detailed breakdown, refer to table R507.5(1) of the IRC 2021. ![]() Similar to rafters, the span of 2x10 beams depends upon their loading conditions. Southern Pine rafters may span 26’ with a minimum threshold of 15’7”.įor Spruce-Pine-Fir, its rafters are recommended to stay within the 26’ - 16’ 9” range. Lightweight roofing systems often translate into rafters with a greater span and spacing since they don’t have to withstand much loading.Ī heavyweight roofing system with a large snow load requires a compact rafter system with individual rafters having reduced spans.įor generalization, it is recommended that rafters made out of Douglas Fir-Larch should have a span ranging from 26’0” to 17’2”.Ģx10 Hem-Fir rafters can span more than 26' and must not span less than 16’9”. Since one of the rafter's primary purposes is to withstand and transfer loads from the roof to the supports, their spans heavily depend upon the roofing configuration. The table below shows the maximum span ranges for a 2x10 comprised of four timber species.įor a detailed breakdown of span ranges in accordance with spacing and Grade of Timber, refer to the table R502.3.1 of the IRC 2021. The spacing determines the quantity of material required for constructing the structural framing system.Īlong with spacing, the grade of timber is influential in determining the maximum load-carrying capacity of the wooden element and, in turn, influences the span. IRC 2021 categorizes the maximum spans based on their spacings and species. 2x10 Span as Floor Joists 2 x10 Floor Joist The International Residential Building Code (IRC) provides information on the load-bearing and spanning capabilities of different grades, species, and sizes of construction timber. You can use a 2x10 construction wood as a floor joist, rafter, beam, header, or as framing component for the ceiling. The end-use of a structural component refers to how it is being used. Key factors to take into account include lumber species and its grade, subjected loads, spacing between two members, and the structural component’s end-use. The span or the length of the room that a 2x10 can cover is not solely dependent on the wood itself. How Much of a Span Can 2x10 Support on its Own? This article lists the maximum span of 2 x 10 under different situations for varying species of lumber. These values apply to Southern Pine Species. To learn more about framing a floor and general information on floor framing, visit Framing a Floor on 2x10's maximum span depends on where it's used.Īccording to IRC 2021, a 2x10 with 16-inch spacing can span up to 18'-9" as floor joists, more than 26' as rafters and ceiling joists,4'-3" as beams, and 7' as headers without providing additional support. To calculate maximum spans on species not shown above, use the Span Calculator or the Span Tables for Joists and Rafters on the American Wood Council website. To calculate maximum joist spans using different design criteria (loading, spacing, grade, etc.) for these species of framing lumber, see the International Residential Code (IRC). The above spans are based on American Softwood Lumber standard sizes. Floor Joist Span Table Live Load = 30 PSF, Dead Load = 20 PSF Floor Joist Span Diagram How to use the Span TablesĮxample: In the joist span table below, the highlighted cell (10-5) indicates that a #2 grade 2" x 8" Douglas Fir joist, spaced 24" apart, can have a maximum span of 10 feet - 5 inches (10-5) if designing for a live load of 40 PSF, a dead load of 10 PSF, and a deflection limit of the total span in inches divided by 360.
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